Pulse the beans in the bowl of a food processor until chopped, scraping down the sides of the food processor as needed.
Add the cumin, garlic powder, salt, green onions, roasted red peppers, and hot sauce and pulse until combined. Transfer the mixture to a medium bowl.
Stir in the panko crumbs and eggs. Divide the mixture into 6 equal portions and shape into patties. Refrigerate for at least 1 hour.
Meanwhile, make the sauce: Stir together the sour cream, mayonnaise, chipotle pepper, adobo sauce, garlic, maple syrup, and lime juice in a bowl. Season with salt to taste.
Heat half of the oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add half of the bean patties and cook 2 to 3 minutes on each side or until golden brown and cooked through. Repeat with the remaining oil and burgers.
Divide the burgers evenly between the buns. Top with the spicy chipotle sauce and desired burger toppings.